Rabu, 31 Oktober 2012

softskill ( comment blog's people ) ethnocentrisms in indonesian

1. ETNOSENTRISME
          
Etnosentrisme didefinisikan sebagai kepercayaan pada superioritas inheren kelompok atau budayanya sendiri; etnosentrisme mungkin disertai rasa jijik pada orang-orang lain yang tidak sekelompok; etnosentrisme cenderung memandang rendah orang-orang lain yang tidak sekelompok dan dianggap asing; etnosentrisme memandang dan mengukur budaya-budaya asing dengan budayanya sendiri. (Mulyana:2000;70) Jelas sekali bahwa dengan kita bersikap etnosentrisme kita tidak dapat memandang perbedaan budaya itu sebagai keunikan dari masing-masing budaya yang patut kita hargai. Dengan memandang budaya kita sendiri lebih unggul dan budaya lainnya yang asing sebagai budaya ’yang salah’, maka komunikasi lintas budaya yang efektif hanyalah angan-angan karena kita akan cenderung lebih mebatasi komunikasi yang kita lakukan dan sebisa mungkin tidak terlibat dengan budaya asing yang berbeda atau bertentangan dengan budaya kita. Masing-masing budaya akan saling merendahkan yang lain dan membenarkan budaya diri sendiri, saling menolak, sehingga sangat potensial muncul konflik di antaranya. Contoh konflik yang sudah terjadi misalnya suku dayak dan suku madura yang sejak dulu terus terjadi. Kedua suku pedalaman itu masing-masing tidak mau saling menerima dan menghormati kebudayaan satu sama lain. Adanya anggapan bahwa budaya sendiri lah yang paling benar sementra yang lainnya salah dan tidak bermutu tidak hanya berwujud konfik namun sudah berbentuk pertikaian yang mengganas, keduanya sudah saling mmbunuh atar anggota budaya yang lain. Contoh lainnya, orang Indonesia cenderung menilai budaya barat sebagai budaya yang ’vulgar’ dan tidak tahu sopan santun. Budaya asli-budaya timur dinilai sebagai budaya yang paling unggul dan paling baik sehingga masyrakat kita cenderung membatasi pergaulan dengan orang barat. Orang takut jika terlalu banyak komunikasinya maka budaya asli akan tercemar budaya barat sebagai polusi pencemar.

   (http://luciatriedyana.wordpress.com/tag/etnosentrisme/)


 COMMENT ( luciatriedyana blog's )
         This is one article that made me understand about ethnocentrism in my own country Indonesia. , With credit Mulyana: 2000; 70 at the beginning of an explanation before the author provides concrete examples in Indonesia that makes readers including me to be sure it means the author did not give a false news or "fabricated". then the author gives an example of the Dayak and Madurese are not mutually respect each other and the tribe was an example of a very easy to understand.

softskill ( comment blog's people ) ethnocentism in American societies

“Ethnocentrism” by Samuel Ramos 

This is a very simple phenomenon with serious and complex implications to society. To put is even more simple term, Ethnocentrism is a type of prejudice that puts one ethnicity above all the other ones around. Sadly, throughout history it is common to notice these behaviors, and more recently with the nazis and European general perception on their superiority against black people. After the entire nazi war accounts, the most despicable account I’ve read and really felt bad about it is found in the “Black like Me”book by John H. Griffin. Perhaps this is because in Brazil, where I grew up, we never had such segregation and humiliation recorded against black people in late history. To really know what kinds of circumstances black people at times lived in, the author decided to take anti-vitiligo oral drugs to darken his skin and to live among black people in southern United States in 1959. The report is astonishing. The bathrooms blacks could use were functional at all, not to say filthy and desease-friendly. Repression was of the charts. They could stand up for their rights cause that would cause everyone to be against them. They weren’t able to sit where they wanted in the bus, they could not speak to white people in some circumstances. Griffin, when given a ride by a white man, was severely humiliated by this man, who downgraded his intelligence just for the fact he was black, although the white man was wrong. These are but a few examples of oppression in those days. In sum, it didn’t matter who you were or how nice you would act. You are black, therefore you are low, bad and stupid. How people get to that point? Environment, social learning, role models and parenting. Tests were already done to see the difference between black and white people, and off course no differences exist. I’m glad this conflict black and white people has improved significantly. Now the next step is for all of us learn to better distinguish arabs, iraqis and people from those areas and learn to separate between their beliefs, affiliations and nationality. I’m not saying we all think that way, but there are several citizens who openly discriminate the population from these countries without knowing much about them.

(http://psychology350.wordpress.com/2012/05/23/ethnocentrism-by-samuel-ramos/)

 COMMENT
 I think Samuel Ramos Blog’s this is very interesting because the writers like to speak up which do not agree that it should not be any difference in the view of one eye, because "we" as people who have God even though it is different but we humans are "equal" which God had never set us apart but our faith in God. white or black it is only a difference of skin color does not mean it should be a difference in excess.

softskill (culture)

1. What do you know about culture and counterculture ?

 CULTURE
      
         Culture is a way of life that developed and owned jointly by a group of people and passed from generation to generasi.budaya, is part and parcel of human dignity that many people tend to think of inherited genetically. When someone is trying to communicate with people of different cultures and adjust differences, proving that culture is studied.
 The following are elements of culture:
1. language
2. religion
 3. technology
 4. economy
5. social organization
6. art
7. Science

COUNTERCULTURE
       
        A counterculture is a subculture whose values and norms of behavior deviate from those of mainstream society, often in opposition to mainstream cultural mores. deviant behavior in which many people find this behavior in a variety of places they visit. some people consider it taboo to some people but again maybe this is normal. aberrant behaviors such as same-sex lover or have a "relationship" between men and more men and women with women anymore. Such behavior may be a lot we meet but in our country Indonesia is still very taboo, unlike Americans who have permits "same-sex relationships".

 2. Do pluralistic societies influence the culture ?

       India is one of the countries that once colonized by the Irish state. which as we know that India is famous for their dances were well turned out it was the influence of the Irish that their influence over the Irish colonized India.

3. What are the differences between ethnocentrisms and assimilation ?

         Ethnocentric is the tendency to see the world through their own cultural filters. The term is often viewed negatively, which is defined as the inability to see others in a way outside of your own cultural background. A related definition of ethnocentrism has a tendency to judge people from the group, community, or other lifestyle according to the standards of a group or culture itself, often see other groups as inferior (lower) (Healey, 1998; Noel, 1968).
        
         Assimilation is the blending of two cultures which are accompanied by characteristic loss of indigenous culture to form a new culture. The process of assimilation was marked by the development of the same attitudes which, while sometimes emotional, aiming to achieve unity, or at least to achieve integration in the organization and action.

so, can I conclude from differences ethnocentrism and assimilation is ethnocentrism not affected by the new culture because according to their culture that their culture is the top or the best so ,according to that culture or no culture better person than them. different cultural assimilation or if there are moving people or their culture will be affected but still does not eliminate their culture.